suf.

➊ used to form the present participle of verbs

➋ action; process; result

suf.

➊ 构成动词的现在分词，部分分词已经变成固定的形容词，如：boring（乏味的）；interesting（有趣的）；surrounding（周围的）；willing（愿意的）。

➋ 与动词组合，多构成不可数名词，表示“动作；过程；结果”，如：beginning（开始）；bowling（保龄球）；ending（结束）；lightning（闪电）, shopping（购物）；sightseeing（观光）。有些词还可用作可数名词，表示“一次动作；动作产生的结果”，如：building（建造；大楼）；drawing（画画；图画）；meeting（碰面；会议）；feeling（感觉；情感）；spelling（拼写；拼写形式）。

其他例词

➊ amazing; challenging; disgusting; easygoing; flaming; following; freezing; hardworking; leading; living; outgoing; outstanding; unwilling

➋ being; boating; boxing; ceiling; crossing; handwriting; greeting; hearing; gardening; meaning; nursing; opening; outing; painting; parking; printing; reading; running; sailing; shooting; shortcoming; skipping; smoking; stocking; swimming; thinking; training; turning; waiting; washing; wedding; warning